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Concrete Calculator

Calculate cubic yards, bag count, and ready-mix cost for slabs, footings, columns, and stairs.

Concrete Needed (with 10% waste)

1.36 CY

33.33 cubic feet net

Volume (net)33.33 ft³
Cubic yards (net)1.23 CY
With 10% waste1.36 CY
80 lb bags needed62 bags
60 lb bags needed82 bags
Rebar suggestion#4 rebar at 18" OC

Methodology

Volume = length × width × depth. Cubic yards = cubic feet ÷ 27. Ready-mix price based on national BLS PPI average of $165/CY. Always add 5–10% for waste, spillage, and form seating. Bag counts use 80 lb = 0.60 cf and 60 lb = 0.45 cf of finished concrete. Column formula uses V = πr²h. Stair volume uses a triangular prism approximation: each step occupies half a rectangular block.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many cubic yards do I need for a 10×10 slab at 4 inches?
A 10×10 slab at 4 inches thick is 10 × 10 × (4/12) = 33.33 cubic feet, or about 1.23 cubic yards. With a 10% waste factor, you should order 1.36 CY. Most ready-mix suppliers have a minimum order of 1–2 CY, so this is close to the threshold for bagged concrete versus truck delivery.
What is the formula for concrete volume?
For a slab: Volume (CY) = Length (ft) × Width (ft) × Depth (ft) ÷ 27. For example, a 20×30 slab at 6 inches = 20 × 30 × 0.5 ÷ 27 = 11.11 CY. Always convert thickness to feet before multiplying (divide inches by 12).
How much does ready-mix concrete cost?
Ready-mix concrete ranges from $130 to $200 per cubic yard in 2026 depending on region, mix strength, and delivery distance. The national average is approximately $165/CY for standard 3,000–4,000 PSI mix. Short-load fees apply for orders under 5 CY. Fiber reinforcement, air entrainment, and accelerator additives each add $5–15/CY.
80 lb vs 60 lb bags — which should I buy?
80 lb bags yield 0.60 cubic feet per bag and are the most economical choice per cubic yard. 60 lb bags yield 0.45 cubic feet and are easier for a single person to handle — ideal for smaller jobs or when mixing by hand. For very small repairs, 50 lb bags are also available. If you need more than 2 CY, ordering ready-mix is almost always cheaper and faster than mixing bags.

How the Concrete Calculator works

The concrete calculator converts your slab, footing, column, or stair dimensions into cubic yards, bag counts, and a ready-mix cost estimate. Every shape reduces to a volume in cubic feet, which is then divided by 27 to get cubic yards, since there are 27 cubic feet in a cubic yard.

For a rectangular slab the volume is length × width × thickness, with thickness converted from inches to feet by dividing by 12. A footing uses length × width × depth in feet. A column or pier uses the cylinder formula V = π × r² × height, where the radius is the diameter in inches divided by 24, then multiplied by the number of columns. Stairs use a triangular-prism approximation: each step occupies half a rectangular block, so the volume is steps × (rise ÷ 12) × (run ÷ 12) × stair width ÷ 2.

Once the net volume is known, the tool adds a 10% waste factor (× 1.10) to cover spillage, over-excavation, and form seating. Bag counts assume an 80 lb bag yields 0.60 cubic feet and a 60 lb bag yields 0.45 cubic feet of finished concrete. The ready-mix estimate multiplies the cubic yards (with waste) by $165 per cubic yard. When the pour exceeds 2 cubic yards the calculator flags ready-mix as the practical choice.

Worked example: a 24 ft × 20 ft slab poured 6 inches thick works out to 24 × 20 × 0.5 = 240 cubic feet, or 240 ÷ 27 = 8.89 cubic yards net. Adding 10% waste gives 9.78 cubic yards. At $165 per cubic yard that is about $1,613 of ready-mix concrete, and because the slab is 6 inches thick the tool suggests #5 rebar at 12 inches on center.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many 80 lb bags of concrete are in a cubic yard?

An 80 lb bag yields 0.60 cubic feet, and a cubic yard is 27 cubic feet, so it takes 27 ÷ 0.60 = 45 bags of 80 lb concrete to fill one cubic yard. A 60 lb bag yields 0.45 cubic feet, so you would need 60 bags per cubic yard. This is why ready-mix becomes far more practical once you pass roughly 2 cubic yards.

How much does the 10% waste factor add?

The calculator multiplies your net volume by 1.10, adding 10% for spillage, uneven subgrade, and concrete that seats into the forms. On a 5 cubic yard net pour that adds 0.5 cubic yards. Ordering short and running out mid-pour causes a cold joint, so a waste allowance of 5 to 10% is standard practice.

When should I order ready-mix instead of bags?

The tool flags ready-mix once the pour with waste exceeds 2 cubic yards. At 45 bags per cubic yard, a 2 cubic yard pour is about 90 eighty-pound bags, or roughly 3,600 lbs of material to mix by hand. Beyond that threshold, truck-delivered ready-mix is faster, cheaper, and gives a more consistent mix.

How does the calculator find the volume of a round column?

It uses the cylinder formula V = π × r² × height. The radius is the column diameter in inches divided by 24, which both halves the diameter and converts it to feet. That volume is multiplied by the number of columns. For example, a 12-inch diameter column 8 feet tall holds π × 0.5² × 8 = 6.28 cubic feet each.